A spotlight on men’s health: Addressing the unique needs of older men

As men age, their health needs evolve, often presenting unique challenges that require targeted care and awareness. Though both men and women experience changes related to aging, men face specific risks and health issues that can have an impact on their overall quality of life. Yet, older men are less likely to seek preventive healthcare and may miss opportunities to address these needs proactively. In this post, we’ll explore the key areas where men’s health matters most and the steps they—and those who care about them—can take to support their well-being.

1. Understanding physical health risks

Older men are at a higher risk for certain chronic conditions, including:

• Heart Health: Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death among men. Hypertension, high cholesterol, and heart disease are common as men age, making heart health a priority.
• Prostate Health: The risk of prostate issues, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer, increases with age. Regular screening and awareness of symptoms are crucial for early detection and treatment.
• Osteoporosis: Though often associated with women, osteoporosis is also a significant concern for older men. Men typically experience bone density loss later than women, but the impact can still lead to fractures and long-term disability if not addressed.

2. Mental health is critical, too

Mental health among older men is a topic that deserves greater attention. Depression, anxiety, and loneliness can often go unnoticed or unaddressed, as men are less likely than women to seek support for mental health struggles. Everyday stressors like retirement, loss of loved ones, and health challenges can affect mental well-being, leading to an increased risk of depression and anxiety. Encouraging open conversations about mental health and breaking down stigmas can make a difference in men’s lives.

• Depression: Men tend to manifest depression differently, sometimes presenting as irritability, aggression, or withdrawal rather than sadness. Recognizing these symptoms is the first step in seeking appropriate support.
• Loneliness and Isolation: Older men may experience social isolation, which can lead to decreased quality of life and even physical health decline. Engaging in social activities and building strong support networks can help combat loneliness.

3. The role that lifestyle plays

Positive lifestyle choices can have a powerful effect on health outcomes for older men:

• Nutrition: A balanced diet with plenty of fibre, lean protein, healthy fats, and essential nutrients can help maintain muscle mass, manage weight, and support cardiovascular health. Keeping an eye on portion control and nutrient-rich foods can combat health risks like obesity and diabetes.
• Exercise: Staying active supports heart health, muscle strength, flexibility, and balance—all of which are crucial for maintaining independence. Older men benefit from a combination of strength training, cardio, and flexibility exercises.
• Avoiding Smoking and Alcohol Abuse: Avoiding tobacco products and limiting alcohol consumption are essential. Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and cancer, and excessive alcohol intake can impact liver health, bone density, and cognitive function.

4. Taking a preventative approach

Preventive healthcare is vital for men of all ages but becomes increasingly important as men grow older. Regular check-ups, screenings, and vaccinations are essential to catching health concerns early:

• Annual Check-Ups: Routine visits allow doctors to monitor blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar, and other key health markers.
• Screenings for Common Cancers: Prostate, colorectal, and lung cancers are more common in older men. Regular screenings, such as colonoscopies and PSA tests, can help catch these cancers in their early stages.
• Vaccinations: Vaccines like the flu shot, pneumococcal vaccine, and shingles vaccine are recommended for older adults, particularly those with existing health conditions.

Family members, friends, and community groups play important roles in men’s health. Encouragement from loved ones can affect whether older men prioritize their health. Engaging in social activities, reaching out to peers, or joining groups centred on hobbies can reduce isolation and improve well-being.

Aging is inevitable, but there are proactive steps to take to maintain and improve your health. Every small action contributes to a better quality of life, from routine check-ups and screenings to healthy lifestyle choices.

Explore our articles below for more information and to help make informed decisions for a fulfilling, healthy life.

McMaster Optimal Aging Blog Posts are written by faculty, staff, PhD students, and external collaborators, and are assessed for accuracy by members of the Portal scientific leadership team.

DISCLAIMER: These summaries are provided for informational purposes only. They are not a substitute for advice from your own health care professional. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the McMaster Optimal Aging Portal (info@mcmasteroptimalaging.org)